Fabula
S4E12 · Guns Not Butter

Start the Clock — Hardin Becomes the Swing Vote

Facing a lurching poll and a funding lapse at midnight, Josh turns a policy fight into a timed crisis: he identifies freshman Senator Grace Hardin as the single swing vote, orders her moved to 'undecided' and has a countdown clock started. The scene compresses panic and procedure — Josh's threatened resignation, Donna mobilizing staff, and his distracted brusqueness toward new hire Will — making the scramble for Hardin the episode's urgent, personal test of the administration's credibility and nerve.

Plot Beats

The narrative micro-steps within this event

2

The team moves to the Roosevelt Room where Josh confirms there's no time for another continuing resolution, establishing the hard deadline of midnight.

urgency to resolution ['THE ROOSEVELT ROOM']

Josh identifies freshman Democratic Senator Grace Hardin as their key target vote and orders the start of the countdown clock.

uncertainty to directed action

Who Was There

Characters present in this moment

8
Cantina
primary

Not present; implied oppositional and immovable.

Invoked by Josh as a reliably obstructionist senator who 'never votes to send any money anywhere' — used as a rhetorical foil in the vote calculus.

Goals in this moment
  • Resist foreign aid spending (inferred)
  • Maintain ideological purity for constituents (inferred)
Active beliefs
  • Federal spending on foreign aid is always wrong
  • Consistency in voting record is politically advantageous
Character traits
intransigent (implied) doctrinaire symbolic opponent
Follow Cantina's journey
Josh Lyman
primary

Anxious and incandescent — a mix of anger, terrified urgency, and brittle determination that masks fear of institutional embarrassment.

Reads and relays the push-poll numbers, reacts with outrage and urgency, threatens to resign if the administration loses the vote, directs the tally (puts Colorado in 'nay', moves Grace Hardin to 'undecided'), orders staff to find Hardin and to try every option including Cantina and McKenna.

Goals in this moment
  • Prevent the midnight funding lapse by securing the decisive vote
  • Protect the President's legislative agenda and political standing
  • Execute Leo's strategic plays without letting internal divisions derail the effort
Active beliefs
  • Public opinion (even if skewed) will determine political outcomes and therefore must be countered
  • A freshman Democrat like Grace Hardin can and should deliver for the President if pressure and timing are applied
  • Operational execution (his job) is primary; responsibility for outcomes rests with him
Character traits
decisive under pressure combative task-focused commanding impatient
Follow Josh Lyman's journey

Nervous politeness edged with disappointment; eager to help but quickly sidelined by crisis.

Intercepted Josh in the hallway to discuss legislative/inauguration copy; reads his draft and is brusquely corrected and dismissed amid the crisis, absorbing the tone of West Wing urgency and partisanship.

Goals in this moment
  • Receive meaningful feedback on his copy from senior staff
  • Establish himself as a useful member of the Legislative Section
Active beliefs
  • Language and rhetoric matter (Toby values 'poetry')
  • Legislative messaging should be thoughtful, even in crisis
Character traits
earnest idealistic respectful tentative
Follow Toby Ziegler's journey
Donna Moss
primary

Focused and quietly tense — pragmatic, slightly impatient with the politics but resolutely mobilizing resources.

Identifies the poll as a push poll, confirms Leo's office called, reports that staff are mobilized, and accepts marching orders to find Senator Hardin; acts as the operational conduit between Josh and the junior staff doing phone-and-field work.

Goals in this moment
  • Locate and secure contact with Senator Hardin or her staff
  • Protect Josh from operational failures and prevent him from taking unnecessary blame
Active beliefs
  • Procedural hustle can overcome political obstacles
  • Polls are manipulative but their effects on elected officials are real and must be addressed
Character traits
efficient loyal practical calmly exasperated
Follow Donna Moss's journey

Measured and businesslike — focused on damage control and speedy decision-making rather than panic.

Interjects strategically with the crucial question about Grace Hardin, frames the need for a rapid answer if she's a no, and serves as the calm strategic voice prompting Josh's tactical moves.

Goals in this moment
  • Avoid a drawn-out loss by forcing quick clarity on swing votes
  • Protect the President's political position by minimizing spectacle
Active beliefs
  • A fast, decisive outcome (even a fast no) is preferable to agonizing uncertainty
  • Senior staff must direct junior staff clearly in crisis
Character traits
pragmatic steady authoritative strategic
Follow Leo McGarry's journey
McKenna
primary

Not present; functionally a bargaining chip in the staff's calculus.

Mentioned as a Republican whose vote matters for unrelated broadband access bargaining — part of Josh's cross-aisle calculus and negotiation map.

Goals in this moment
  • Secure policy wins for constituents (inferred)
  • Leverage support for specific priorities like broadband
Active beliefs
  • Votes are transactional and can be traded for policy wins
  • Republican votes will demand concessions
Character traits
pragmatic (inferred) potential swing leverage
Follow McKenna's journey

Not present in scene; implicitly opposed to the bill.

Referenced by Josh as being placed explicitly into the 'nay' column of the tally — a strategic accounting move to concentrate efforts on the true swing vote.

Goals in this moment
  • Maintain a no vote position on the funding measure (inferred)
  • Signal ideological consistency to constituents (inferred)
Active beliefs
  • Opposition to foreign aid is politically sustainable
  • Voting conservatively on spending is electorally safer
Character traits
treated-as-predictable entrenched oppositional (inferred)
Follow Senior Senator …'s journey

Collective negativity toward foreign aid; essentially angry or suspicious (as presented by the poll).

Acts as the diffuse but powerful presence behind the crisis: the polled public whose negative views on foreign aid create the political imperative driving Josh's actions.

Goals in this moment
  • Express dissatisfaction with perceived government spending
  • Influence electoral outcomes through opinion
Active beliefs
  • Government spends too much on foreign aid
  • Cutting foreign aid is a justifiable response to fiscal concerns
Character traits
misinformed (as described) skeptical electorally consequential
Follow Poll Respondents's journey

Objects Involved

Significant items in this scene

2
Roosevelt Room Conference Table

The Roosevelt Room Conference Table functions as the tactical centerpiece: a large digital countdown clock rests on it and is physically activated to begin a 14:20:00 countdown, turning abstract time pressure into a visible, performative deadline that channels panic into action.

Before: Hosting papers and staff during the meeting; the …
After: The clock is actively counting down on the …
Before: Hosting papers and staff during the meeting; the clock is inactive, the room assembled for strategy.
After: The clock is actively counting down on the table; the table remains the locus of the staff's planning and tallying.
Government Spending Push Poll

The Government Spending Push Poll is the causal trigger for the scramble: Josh reads its numbers aloud, the staff reacts to its 68%/59% findings, and it reframes the policy debate as an electoral emergency rather than a substantive foreign-policy discussion.

Before: Results have been received and are present in …
After: Cited repeatedly as justification for urgent tactics; continues …
Before: Results have been received and are present in the bullpen as an actionable poll report.
After: Cited repeatedly as justification for urgent tactics; continues to shape the team's priorities.

Location Details

Places and their significance in this event

2
West Wing Corridor (Exterior Hallway Outside Leo McGarry's Office)

The West Wing Hallway serves as a transitional liminal space where Josh brusquely intercepts Will; the brief exchange exposes the human cost of crisis as mentorship and normal work are crushed by immediacy.

Atmosphere Brisk and transactional, with hurried footsteps and terse exchanges.
Function Transit corridor enabling accidental encounters and quick managerial checks.
Symbolism A connective artery that shows how ordinary staff interactions are subsumed by crisis.
Access Public to West Wing staff and visitors but functionally controlled by staff movement and security.
Short, echoing space with passing aides Hastened speech and quick interruptions Movement from bullpen to Roosevelt Room
Josh's Bullpen Area

Josh's Bullpen Area is where the scene opens and closes around the crisis: phones, staff, and incoming data (the poll) create a command center vibe. It's the operational heart where Josh digests the poll and dispatches Donna to mobilize search teams.

Atmosphere Tense and frenetic, phones ringing and staff on edge as the deadline approaches.
Function Command/work area where triage, rapid decisions, and staff mobilization occur.
Symbolism Embodies the administration's nerve center — where policy becomes sloganeering under electoral pressure.
Access Staffed and restricted to West Wing personnel; not public.
Ringing phones and glowing screens Stacks of paper and hurried staff movement A sense of continuous incoming information

Organizations Involved

Institutional presence and influence

4
Democratic Party

The Democrats are the implied institutional backdrop — their votes and internal loyalties are being tested as Josh tries to hang the outcome on a freshman Democrat. Party unity, expectation of presidential deference, and local politics collide in the vote calculus.

Representation Through Josh's appeal to party loyalty and through the classification of Grace Hardin as a …
Power Dynamics Expected to deliver votes but internally fragile; party discipline is strained by local electorates and …
Impact This moment exposes how party allegiance can be brittle when local polling and personal ambition …
Internal Dynamics Tension between institutional loyalty to the President and individual senators’ responsiveness to local political pressures.
Preserve the administration's legislative priorities Maintain party cohesion while minimizing electoral fallout Presidential appeals and party pressure Vote-whipping and internal persuasion
Republicans

Republicans appear as the opposing bloc whose positions (and possible deals) are part of the negotiation map—McKenna is invoked as an example of transactional vote-trading that complicates Josh’s options.

Representation By mention (McKenna) and by the framing of opposition votes as bargaining chips in cross-party …
Power Dynamics Acting as a blocking force capable of extracting concessions; they hold leverage when Democrats are …
Impact Their presence enforces transactional politics and forces the administration into trade-offs, underscoring partisan constraints on …
Limit or cut foreign aid spending Extract policy concessions (e.g., broadband provisions) in exchange for votes Procedural votes and legislative bargaining Leveraging minority/majority arithmetic to demand trade-offs
Public Opinion Polls

The Public Opinion Polls organization (as manifested through the push poll) functions as the invisible hand shaping tactical choices: its numbers create the urgency, reframe the debate in electoral terms, and force staff to prioritize perception over detailed policy.

Representation Through poll data cited aloud by Josh and used as the rationale for rapid tactical …
Power Dynamics Exerts outsized influence over staff actions despite not being an actor — the poll effectively …
Impact Transforms substantive policy choices into politically defensive decisions, illustrating how polling can override expert-driven deliberation.
Internal Dynamics Tension between neutral polling and push-poll framing creates ambiguity about the poll's fairness and accuracy.
Measure public attitudes toward foreign aid Provide actionable data that influences political strategy Data presentation and public-opinion narratives Legitimacy-conferring statistics that shape political risk assessment
Legislative Section

The Legislative Section is represented by Will and by the group's role in drafting and messaging; its routine work is interrupted by emergency vote-counting and it must bend rhetorical priorities to immediate political triage.

Representation Via Will Bailey (a legislative staffer) and references to Toby's drafting work.
Power Dynamics Technocratic and subordinate to Josh's operational urgency; rhetoric and craft are overridden by political triage.
Impact Highlights friction between careful messagecraft and the brute politics of vote preservation; the Section's influence …
Internal Dynamics Tension between idealistic linguistic choices (Toby/Will) and the need for rapid political messaging under pressure.
Provide polished legislative and inauguration language Support the administration's messaging around the funding debate Drafted copy and rhetorical framing Access to senior communications staff and policy knowledge

Narrative Connections

How this event relates to others in the story

What led here 2
Causal

"Jane Cleery's revelation about the Liberty Foundation poll causing a senator to defect directly leads Josh to discuss the poll's damaging effects with Donna, setting the stage for the legislative crisis."

Cloakroom Count: One Vote Short
S4E12 · Guns Not Butter
Causal

"Jane Cleery's revelation about the Liberty Foundation poll causing a senator to defect directly leads Josh to discuss the poll's damaging effects with Donna, setting the stage for the legislative crisis."

One Vote Down — Poll Cover and the Quorum Call
S4E12 · Guns Not Butter
What this causes 2
Thematic Parallel medium

"Josh's frustration over public opinion against foreign aid mirrors Will's critique of voters' unrealistic expectations, highlighting the theme of public perception vs. policy reality."

Counting Votes, Buying Prayers
S4E12 · Guns Not Butter
Thematic Parallel medium

"Josh's frustration over public opinion against foreign aid mirrors Will's critique of voters' unrealistic expectations, highlighting the theme of public perception vs. policy reality."

Prayer for a Vote — Hoebuck's Price
S4E12 · Guns Not Butter

Key Dialogue

"JOSH: I lose this vote... I'm resigning."
"JOSH: They won't do it. Not after two continuing resolutions. This expires at midnight."
"JOSH: Put the senior senator from Colorado in the nay column. Move Grace Hardin to undecided and start the clock."