S4E23
· Twenty-Five

Invoking Twenty-Five — Staff Divides as Leo Prepares Transfer

Outside the West Wing, Leo moves from quiet exhaustion into executive triage — freezing all nonessential paper, ordering a federal judge, and notifying his team that the President will invoke Section Three of the 25th Amendment. The senior staff erupts into a charged debate: principled patriotism collides with raw partisan fear. Toby, newly a father, supports Bartlet with visceral, personal conviction; Josh worries about handing political power to the opposition. The scene crystallizes a moral and constitutional turning point that makes the transfer of power inevitable and costly.

Plot Beats

The narrative micro-steps within this event

3

Leo informs Josh, C.J., and Will about President Bartlet's decision to invoke the 25th Amendment, prompting mixed reactions.

shock to contemplation

Toby arrives, out of breath, and expresses his support for the President's decision, drawing a parallel to his own newfound fatherhood.

urgency to emotional resonance

Josh voices concerns about the political implications of transferring power to the Speaker, while Toby and Leo reassure him.

anxiety to reassurance

Who Was There

Characters present in this moment

10
Josh Lyman
primary

Worried and combative—fearful about short-term political consequences and long-term strategic damage.

Enters with staff, presses the political implications of temporarily handing power to the leading Republican, argues that the transfer hands the opposition the election, and challenges the cost of the action.

Goals in this moment
  • Prevent political harm and protect the administration's electoral chances.
  • Force the team to reckon with the political costs of constitutional steps.
  • Keep the administration's strategic options intact.
Active beliefs
  • Formal transfer of power will be exploited politically by Republicans.
  • Political survival and future policy are threatened by this constitutional move.
Character traits
politically savvy combative anxious
Follow Josh Lyman's journey

Apprehensive and skeptical—fearful of institutional breakdown and divided loyalties.

Voices constitutional and operational concern during the Cabinet exchange: warns that contradictory orders from the President and acting president could create extraordinary chaos and put Leo in an impossible position.

Goals in this moment
  • Prevent dual chains of command and the chaos they would bring.
  • Ensure that any transfer is accompanied by clear procedural safeguards.
  • Protect the integrity of executive operations.
Active beliefs
  • Conflicting orders are a realistic and dangerous possibility.
  • Personal loyalty may override institutional duty in some actors.
Character traits
cautious procedural worried
Follow Second Cabinet …'s journey

Urgent, paternal fury turning into calming conviction—personal stakes drive moral certainty.

Bursts in breathless, insists the President must leave the West Wing, declares fierce protectiveness over his newborns and applauds the invocation, and repeatedly reassures the group that Leo will make the right call.

Goals in this moment
  • Ensure the President's family and the Presidency are protected.
  • Support the invocation as the right and necessary step.
  • Reassure staff and delegate operational trust to Leo.
Active beliefs
  • The President's decision is morally justified because it protects loved ones and the institution.
  • Personal stakes legitimize extraordinary measures.
Character traits
fiercely protective emotional resolute
Follow Toby Ziegler's journey

Focused and anxious—he's personally invested but channels panic into action.

Arrives, listens to Leo's orders, glances at the Constitution booklet, asks 'Until when?', and departs to execute Leo's command to summon a federal judge and freeze paperwork.

Goals in this moment
  • Carry out Leo's orders immediately and accurately.
  • Secure the legal presence required to validate the transfer.
  • Protect the President by controlling administrative levers.
Active beliefs
  • Following chain-of-command orders is the fastest way to stabilize the situation.
  • Legal and documentary control (paperwork) materially affects power and outcomes.
Character traits
dutiful alert expedient
Follow Charlie Young's journey

Gravely resolute—combines personal anguish with constitutional duty, prioritizing country over ego.

Addresses the transfer on camera/recorded declaration invoking Section Three of the 25th Amendment, calls for Cabinet assent, promises not to give orders, and names Cabinet members—a solemn, constitutional act performed offstage but central to the scene.

Goals in this moment
  • Temporarily transfer presidential powers to preserve clear-headed governance.
  • Secure explicit Cabinet endorsement to legitimize the acting president.
  • Prevent his personal crisis from producing dangerous executive action.
Active beliefs
  • The Constitution contains mechanisms to preserve governance in personal crises.
  • His personal involvement must not imperil national security or institutional integrity.
Character traits
principled solemn paternal
Follow Josiah Bartlet's journey

Controlled exhaustion with resolute clarity—grief and urgency are present but channeled into administrative action.

Sitting exhausted outside the White House, Leo converts panic into procedure: he orders the freezing of all nonessential paper, instructs Charlie to fetch a federal judge, announces that the President is invoking the 25th, and later greets and escorts the Speaker inside.

Goals in this moment
  • Preserve legal/constitutional continuity by constraining the Oval Office's authority.
  • Create unambiguous administrative boundaries to protect staff and the presidency.
  • Ensure the temporary transfer is procedurally sound and defensible.
Active beliefs
  • The nation is safer if processes are followed precisely, even under personal crisis.
  • Acting decisively (paper freeze, judge) reduces the chance of chaotic or illegal orders.
  • He can translate personal crisis into bureaucratic control that protects the President's intent.
Character traits
decisive procedural emotionally contained loyal
Follow Leo McGarry's journey

Composed and confident—measured in public, aware of the political gravity but projecting steadiness.

Enters as the Speaker with the Cabinet, offers outward calm—'Relax, everybody'—greets Leo and proceeds inside to assume acting presidential responsibilities.

Goals in this moment
  • Assume acting presidential duties with legitimacy and control.
  • Reassure White House staff and smooth the transition.
  • Preserve institutional continuity while minimizing spectacle.
Active beliefs
  • Order and calm convey authority and reduce panic.
  • The constitutional role he is about to fill must be treated as solemn duty, not partisan gain.
Character traits
calm authoritative political
Follow Glenallen Walken's journey
Guards
primary

Focused and unemotional—procedural alertness under crisis conditions.

Guards open doors, provide security, and present the camera-over-shoulder perspective as Cabinet members and the Speaker approach; they physically manage access and movement into the White House.

Goals in this moment
  • Secure entry for Cabinet and protect principals.
  • Maintain order and enforce access restrictions.
  • Facilitate orderly movement during a high-stakes transfer.
Active beliefs
  • Protocol and security procedures preserve safety despite political turmoil.
  • Their role is to execute orders, not debate them.
Character traits
professional alert procedural
Follow Guards's journey

Businesslike and attentive—participating in ritualized, high-stakes procedure.

Called during the President's roll call of Cabinet members; appears as part of the assembled Cabinet approaching the White House to provide assent to the invocation.

Goals in this moment
  • Fulfill constitutional duty by participating in the Cabinet roll call.
  • Provide institutional legitimacy to the acting president.
  • Assess legal and practical implications for their department.
Active beliefs
  • Cabinet assent lends legitimacy and legal cover to the transfer.
  • Their presence is required for a stable transition.
Character traits
formal compliant present
Follow Secretary of …'s journey

Not present—represented as a calm procedural resource whose arrival will confer legal rigor.

Mentioned by Leo as someone who must be brought to the White House immediately to oversee procedural/legal aspects of the transfer; not yet present in the scene.

Goals in this moment
  • Provide judicial oversight for the invocation of Section Three.
  • Ensure the process is legally defensible and properly documented.
Active beliefs
  • Judicial presence legitimizes executive procedures in constitutional crises.
  • Law must be visibly adhered to for public and institutional confidence.
Character traits
judicial procedural authoritative
Follow Federal Judge's journey

Objects Involved

Significant items in this scene

3
Leo's Cup of Coffee

Margaret hands Leo a cup of coffee which he sets down next to a small Constitution booklet; the cup is a small humanizing prop that marks exhaustion and the attempt at ordinary comfort amid crisis.

Before: In Margaret's hand as she approaches Leo; warm …
After: Placed on the table beside the Constitution booklet …
Before: In Margaret's hand as she approaches Leo; warm and freshly delivered.
After: Placed on the table beside the Constitution booklet while Leo stands and issues orders; remains as a quiet sign of fatigue and routine.
Stationary White House Police Motorcade

A police motorcade (motorcycles and cars) is moving with sirens and lights; it frames arrival of the Cabinet and the Speaker and visually underscores the national-security, ceremonial and urgent dimensions of the transfer.

Before: En route and positioned to receive approaching principals; …
After: Stationed outside the White House as personnel disembark …
Before: En route and positioned to receive approaching principals; engines idle or moving as part of the escort.
After: Stationed outside the White House as personnel disembark and the Cabinet enters; continues to provide transport and security.
Nonessential Paperwork, Executive Orders, Correspondence, and Legislation

Leo explicitly orders the staff secretary's office to freeze all nonessential paperwork: executive orders, correspondence, and legislation. The paperwork functions narratively as the lever by which he immediately narrows presidential authority and prevents ad hoc executive action.

Before: Piled for signature and normal processing; the bureaucracy …
After: Held and frozen—tagged for non-action 'until further notice' …
Before: Piled for signature and normal processing; the bureaucracy was functioning with routine flows of documents awaiting presidential action.
After: Held and frozen—tagged for non-action 'until further notice' pending the temporary transfer, effectively pausing administrative momentum.

Location Details

Places and their significance in this event

2
United States Capitol

The United States Capitol appears in the background as the motorcade passes; its silhouette serves as a visual reminder of legislative power and the proximity of partisan consequence to the constitutional act unfolding.

Atmosphere Distant, ominous, and emblematic—its presence adds political weight and a sense of public theatre to …
Function Symbolic backdrop that frames the political stakes of handing power to the Speaker and the …
Symbolism Represents the legislature and the partisan arena into which executive authority is temporarily ceded.
Capitol silhouette visible behind the motorcade Police sirens and lights cut against the night, highlighting the building Nighttime lighting creates long shadows and formal silhouettes
Oval Office

The Oval Office is referenced as the locus of presidential power being deliberately downsized: Leo orders a narrowing of its scope. Although the action occurs outside, the Oval is the functional target of the paperwork freeze and the symbol of authority being temporarily ceded.

Atmosphere Tense and austere—a place whose authority is being surgically limited, felt even from outside its …
Function Seat of presidential operations being curtailed; the administrative center whose powers are temporarily constrained.
Symbolism Embodies concentrated executive power; its downsizing signals humiliation, sacrifice, and institutional self-preservation.
Access Functionally restricted via paperwork freeze and by procedural limits implemented by Leo.
Referenced as 'downsized' by Leo Implicitly darkened and quiet as staff gather outside Paperwork and signature flows are halted

Organizations Involved

Institutional presence and influence

4
U.S. House of Representatives

The U.S. House is represented by its Speaker entering to assume acting presidential authority; the House's role is narrative—its leadership becomes the repository of temporary executive power and the political consequences that follow.

Representation Through the Speaker of the House (Glenallen Walken) physically arriving and being escorted into the …
Power Dynamics Holds institutional weight as next in the line of succession; political opposition now temporarily holds …
Impact The House (via its Speaker) momentarily blurs branch lines by placing a partisan leader in …
Internal Dynamics Implicit tension between partisan advantage and institutional duty; the Speaker must balance self-interest with national …
Assume the acting presidency with legitimacy. Demonstrate unity and calm while taking on new responsibilities. Speaker's statutory constitutional position Political authority and visibility as a national figure
Staff Secretary's Office

The Staff Secretary's Office is instrumentally engaged when Leo orders that all nonessential paperwork be frozen; the office is the bureaucratic switch that halts executive actions and prevents inadvertent or unilateral signatures.

Representation Via Charlie's instruction to 'tell the staff secretary's office'—the office is activated by directive rather …
Power Dynamics Operationally powerful in constraining the President's everyday ability to act; subordinate to Chief of Staff …
Impact Highlights how mundane bureaucratic levers can effect major political change; validates the idea that process …
Internal Dynamics Quick shift from routine operations to emergency posture; staff must rapidly re-prioritize under senior direction.
Implement the freeze on nonessential documents. Preserve an auditable record of what is and isn't being approved. Control of information and documents Administrative gatekeeping and workflow management
Law Enforcement

Law enforcement provides the motorcade, secures exterior approaches, and manages the physical arrival of the Speaker and Cabinet; their presence makes the procedural transfer possible and visible.

Representation Via police motorcycles and cars with sirens and flashing lights, and officers opening doors and …
Power Dynamics Operationally dominant in the physical space—enabling and enforcing access but subordinate to civilian authority and …
Impact Their visible presence signals seriousness and helps maintain civilian order during a potentially destabilizing constitutional …
Internal Dynamics Primarily procedural and hierarchical—following orders from White House and Secret Service channels; no public internal …
Ensure safe, orderly transport for senior officials. Secure the White House perimeter during a volatile, high-profile event. Provision of security resources and personnel Control of access through checkpoints and escorts
Full Cabinet

The Full Cabinet is assembled and called by name by the President; their assent is sought to legitimize the invocation of Section Three. The Cabinet functions as a collective legal and moral authority whose unanimity (or lack of it) will determine public and institutional acceptance of the transfer.

Representation Through the physical arrival of secretaries and a roll call performed by the President on …
Power Dynamics The Cabinet can confer legitimacy on the transfer but also exposes fissures—individual loyalties and partisan …
Impact The Cabinet's response defines legitimacy of the acting president and tests the resilience of executive …
Internal Dynamics Debate over loyalty vs. legality; some members worry about following informal orders, revealing factional and …
Provide legal/constitutional assent to the temporary transfer. Prevent institutional chaos and conflicting chains of command. Protect departmental continuity and national security. Collective assent and public endorsement Institutional authority and ritual (roll call and presence) Moral pressure and internal counsel to staff leadership

Narrative Connections

How this event relates to others in the story

No narrative connections mapped yet

This event is currently isolated in the narrative graph


Key Dialogue

"LEO: "He's invoking the 25th Amendment. He's invoking twenty-five.""
"WILL: "Of the President temporarily handing over power to his political enemy? I think it's a fairly stunning act of patriotism. And a fairly ordinary act of fatherhood.""
"JOSH: "It's just that we're elevating the most powerful Republican in the country.""